// kanniprabu's function is wrong.// You can check this function with COVARIANCE.P Excel function:function getCovariance( $valuesA, $valuesB ){ $countA = count($valuesA); $countB = count($valuesB); if ( $countA != $countB ) { trigger_error( 'Arrays with different sizes: countA='. $countA .', countB='. $countB, E_USER_WARNING ); return false; } if ( $countA < 0 ) { trigger_error( 'Empty arrays', E_USER_WARNING ); return false; } // Use library function if available if ( function_exists( 'stats_covariance' ) ) { return stats_covariance( $valuesA, $valuesB ); } $meanA = array_sum( $valuesA ) / floatval( $countA ); $meanB = array_sum( $valuesB ) / floatval( $countB ); $add = 0.0; for ( $pos = 0; $pos < $countA; $pos++ ) { $valueA = $valuesA[ $pos ]; if ( ! is_numeric( $valueA ) ) { trigger_error( 'Not numerical value in array A at position '. $pos .', value='. $valueA, E_USER_WARNING ); return false; } $valueB = $valuesB[ $pos ]; if ( ! is_numeric( $valueB ) ) { trigger_error( 'Not numerical value in array B at position '. $pos .', value='. $valueB, E_USER_WARNING ); return false; } $difA = $valueA - $meanA; $difB = $valueB - $meanB; $add += ( $difA * $difB ); } // for return $add / floatval( $countA );}