curl_exec

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.2, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

curl_exec — Establece una sesión cURL

Descripción

curl_exec(resource $ch): mixed

Ejecuta la sesión cURL que se le pasa como parámetro.

Esta función debe llamarse después de inicializar una sesión cURL y todas las opciones para la sesión están establecidas.

Parámetros

ch: El recurso cURL devuelto por curl_init().

Valores devueltos

Devuelve true en caso de éxito o false en caso de error. Sin embargo, si la opción CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER está establecida, devolverá el resultado si se realizó con éxito, o false si falló.

Advertencia

Esta función puede devolver el valor booleano false, pero también puede devolver un valor no booleano que se evalúa como false. Por favor lea la sección sobre Booleanos para más información. Use el operador === para comprobar el valor devuelto por esta función.

Nota:
Obsérvese que los códigos de estado de respuesta que indican errores (como 404 Not found) no se consideran un fallo. curl_getinfo() se puede utilizar para comprobar que no hay nada de esto.

Ejemplos

Ejemplo #1 Capturar una página web

<?php
// Crear un nuevo recurso cURL
$ch = curl_init();

// Establecer URL y otras opciones apropiadas
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.example.com/");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);

// Capturar la URL y pasarla al navegador
curl_exec($ch);

// Cerrar el recurso cURL y liberar recursos del sistema
curl_close($ch);
?>

Ver también

curl_multi_exec() - Ejecuta las sub-conexiones del recurso cURL actual

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User Contributed Notes 9 notes

down

117

David from Code2Design.com ¶

14 years ago

Just in case anyone is looking for a a couple of simple functions [to help automate cURL processes for POST and GET queries] I thought I'd post these.



<?php



/**

 * Send a POST requst using cURL

 * @param string $url to request

 * @param array $post values to send

 * @param array $options for cURL

 * @return string

 */

function curl_post($url, array $post = NULL, array $options = array())

{

    $defaults = array(

        CURLOPT_POST => 1,

        CURLOPT_HEADER => 0,

        CURLOPT_URL => $url,

        CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT => 1,

        CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => 1,

        CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE => 1,

        CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 4,

        CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => http_build_query($post)

    );



    $ch = curl_init();

    curl_setopt_array($ch, ($options + $defaults));

    if( ! $result = curl_exec($ch))

    {

        trigger_error(curl_error($ch));

    }

    curl_close($ch);

    return $result;

}



/**

 * Send a GET requst using cURL

 * @param string $url to request

 * @param array $get values to send

 * @param array $options for cURL

 * @return string

 */

function curl_get($url, array $get = NULL, array $options = array())

{    

    $defaults = array(

        CURLOPT_URL => $url. (strpos($url, '?') === FALSE ? '?' : ''). http_build_query($get),

        CURLOPT_HEADER => 0,

        CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => TRUE,

        CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 4

    );

    

    $ch = curl_init();

    curl_setopt_array($ch, ($options + $defaults));

    if( ! $result = curl_exec($ch))

    {

        trigger_error(curl_error($ch));

    }

    curl_close($ch);

    return $result;

}

?>

down

Anonymous ¶

18 years ago

Be careful when using curl_exec() and the CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER option. According to the manual and assorted documentation:
Set CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER to TRUE to return the transfer as a string of the return value of curl_exec() instead of outputting it out directly.

When retrieving a document with no content (ie. 0 byte file), curl_exec() will return bool(true), not an empty string. I've not seen any mention of this in the manual.

Example code to reproduce this:
<?php

    // fictional URL to an existing file with no data in it (ie. 0 byte file)
    $url = 'http://www.example.com/empty_file.txt';

    $curl = curl_init();
    
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);

    // execute and return string (this should be an empty string '')
    $str = curl_exec($curl);

    curl_close($curl);

    // the value of $str is actually bool(true), not empty string ''
    var_dump($str);

?>

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turiyag ¶

7 years ago

Don't disable SSL verification! You don't need to, and it's super easy to stay secure! If you found that turning off "CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST" and "CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER" solved your problem, odds are you're just on a Windows box. Takes 2 min to solve the problem. Walkthrough here:

https://snippets.webaware.com.au/howto/stop-turning-off-curlopt_ssl_verifypeer-and-fix-your-php-config/

down

jpatta at digitalgamesystems dot com ¶

3 years ago

If you are looking the debug curl_exec, you may wish to log its details, and analyze the various time points during its execution.

before curl_exec:

<?php
    // this will produce a curl log
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_STDERR, fopen('/your/writable/app/logdir/curl.log', 'a+')); // a+ to append...
?>

after curl_exec, but before curl_close:

<?php
    // this will extract the timing information
    extract(curl_getinfo($curl)); // create metrics variables from getinfo
    $appconnect_time = curl_getinfo($curl, CURLINFO_APPCONNECT_TIME); // request this time explicitly
    $downloadduration = number_format($total_time - $starttransfer_time, 9); // format, to get rid of scientific notation
    $namelookup_time = number_format($namelookup_time, 9);
    $metrics = "CURL...: $url Time...: $total_time DNS: $namelookup_time Connect: $connect_time SSL/SSH: $appconnect_time PreTransfer: $pretransfer_time StartTransfer: $starttransfer_time Download: $downloadduration";
    error_log($metrics);  // write to php-fpm default www-error.log, or append it to same log as above with file_put_contents(<filename>, $metrics, FILE_APPEND)
?>

Happy debugging

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-1

roman dot ivasyuk at gmail dot com ¶

16 years ago

<?php
class CurlRequest
{
    private $ch;
    /**
     * Init curl session
     * 
     * $params = array('url' => '',
     *                    'host' => '',
     *                   'header' => '',
     *                   'method' => '',
     *                   'referer' => '',
     *                   'cookie' => '',
     *                   'post_fields' => '',
     *                    ['login' => '',]
     *                    ['password' => '',]      
     *                   'timeout' => 0
     *                   );
     */                
    public function init($params)
    {
        $this->ch = curl_init();
        $user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; 
Windows NT 5.1; ru; rv:1.8.0.9) Gecko/20061206 Firefox/1.5.0.9';
        $header = array(
        "Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,
text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5",
        "Accept-Language: ru-ru,ru;q=0.7,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
        "Accept-Charset: windows-1251,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7",
        "Keep-Alive: 300");
        if (isset($params['host']) && $params['host'])      $header[]="Host: ".$host;
        if (isset($params['header']) && $params['header']) $header[]=$params['header'];
        
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER , 1 );
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_VERBOSE , 1 );
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_HEADER , 1 );
        
        if ($params['method'] == "HEAD") @curl_setopt($this -> ch,CURLOPT_NOBODY,1);
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header );
        if ($params['referer'])    @curl_setopt ($this -> ch , CURLOPT_REFERER, $params['referer'] );
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $user_agent);
        if ($params['cookie'])    @curl_setopt ($this -> ch , CURLOPT_COOKIE, $params['cookie']);

        if ( $params['method'] == "POST" )
        {
            curl_setopt( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
            curl_setopt( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $params['post_fields'] );
        }
        @curl_setopt( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_URL, $params['url']);
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );
        if (isset($params['login']) & isset($params['password']))
            @curl_setopt($this -> ch , CURLOPT_USERPWD,$params['login'].':'.$params['password']);
        @curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $params['timeout']);
    }
    
    /**
     * Make curl request
     *
     * @return array  'header','body','curl_error','http_code','last_url'
     */
    public function exec()
    {
        $response = curl_exec($this->ch);
        $error = curl_error($this->ch);
        $result = array( 'header' => '', 
                         'body' => '', 
                         'curl_error' => '', 
                         'http_code' => '',
                         'last_url' => '');
        if ( $error != "" )
        {
            $result['curl_error'] = $error;
            return $result;
        }
        
        $header_size = curl_getinfo($this->ch,CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE);
        $result['header'] = substr($response, 0, $header_size);
        $result['body'] = substr( $response, $header_size );
        $result['http_code'] = curl_getinfo($this -> ch,CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
        $result['last_url'] = curl_getinfo($this -> ch,CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);
        return $result;
    }
}
?>

Example of use:
<?php
..........
try
        {            
            $params = array('url' => 'http://www.google.com',
            'host' => '',
            'header' => '',
            'method' => 'GET', // 'POST','HEAD'
            'referer' => '',
            'cookie' => '',
            'post_fields' => '', // 'var1=value&var2=value
            'timeout' => 20
            );
            
            $this->curl->init($params);
            $result = $this->curl->exec();
            if ($result['curl_error'])    throw new Exception($result['curl_error']);
            if ($result['http_code']!='200')    throw new Exception("HTTP Code = ".$result['http_code']);
            if (!$result['body'])        throw new Exception("Body of file is empty");
            ...............
        }
        catch (Exception $e)
        {
                    echo $e->getMessage();
        }
?>

down

-1

hablutzel1 at gmail dot com ¶

10 years ago

Be always aware that CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER set to FALSE or 0 should never be used for production as it makes the link inmediately vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attack, still you can use it during development, but I would suggest that only if you KNOW what are you doing, otherwise spend some more time making requests to HTTPS sites work without resorting to set that option to FALSE or 0.

down

-3

lukasl at ackleymedia dot com ¶

18 years ago

Thank you for sharing this.  I was wondering why my result was 1.

To get around this in a safe way, this is how I check if the result is valid.

$ch = curl_init(); /// initialize a cURL session 
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
$xmlResponse = curl_exec ($ch);
curl_close ($ch);

if (!is_string($xmlResponse) || !strlen($xmlResponse)) {
    return $this->_set_error( "Failure Contacting Server" );
} else {
    return $xmlResponse;
}

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-4

nagyp at hunaxon dot hu ¶

21 years ago

fyi:
It returns false if there's an error while executing the curl session, no matter how CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER is set.

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-3

Roland ¶

4 years ago

To check for a timeout or error - 

 if (!$responsexml || !is_string($responsexml) || !strlen($responsexml) || strpos($responsexml, 'upstream request timeout') !== false) {
            return $this->sendRequest($request, $headers);
        }

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