PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

continue

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

continue は、ループ構造において現在の繰り返しループの残りの処理をスキップし、条件式を評価した後に次の繰り返しの最初から実行を続けるために使用されます、

注意: PHP では、continue の動作に関しては switch 文がループ構造とみなされます。 continue に引数を渡さなかった場合の動きは break と同じですが、間違いの元なので警告が生成されます。 switch がループ内にある場合、 continue 2 とすると、外側のループの次回の処理から続行します。

continueでは、オプションの引数で処理をスキップするループ構造のレベルの数を指定できます。デフォルト値は 1 で、これは現在のループの終了地点までスキップします。

<?php
$arr = ['zero', 'one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six'];
foreach ($arr as $key => $value) {
    if (0 === ($key % 2)) { // キーが偶数の組をスキップします
        continue;
    }
    echo $value . "\n";
}
?>

上の例の出力は以下となります。

one
three
five

<?php
$i = 0;
while ($i++ < 5) {
    echo "Outer\n";
    while (1) {
        echo "Middle\n";
        while (1) {
            echo "Inner\n";
            continue 3;
        }
        echo "This never gets output.\n";
    }
    echo "Neither does this.\n";
}
?>

上の例の出力は以下となります。

Outer
Middle
Inner
Outer
Middle
Inner
Outer
Middle
Inner
Outer
Middle
Inner
Outer
Middle
Inner

continue の後のセミコロンを省略すると混乱を生じることがあります。以下の例のようなことをしてはいけません。

<?php
for ($i = 0; $i < 5; ++$i) {
    if ($i == 2)
        continue
    print "$i\n";
}
?>

これは、以下のような結果になることを期待していたのでしょう。

**`continue` の変更履歴**
バージョン	説明
7.3.0	`switch` 内部で `break` 文のように振る舞おうとする `continue` については、`E_WARNING` が発生するようになりました。

Improve This Page

Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug

＋add a note

User Contributed Notes 7 notes

down

138

jaimthorn at yahoo dot com ¶

14 years ago

The remark "in PHP the switch statement is considered a looping structure for the purposes of continue" near the top of this page threw me off, so I experimented a little using the following code to figure out what the exact semantics of continue inside a switch is:

<?php

    for( $i = 0; $i < 3; ++ $i )
    {
        echo ' [', $i, '] ';
        switch( $i )
        {
            case 0: echo 'zero'; break;
            case 1: echo 'one' ; XXXX;
            case 2: echo 'two' ; break;
        }
        echo ' <' , $i, '> ';
    }

?>

For XXXX I filled in

- continue 1
- continue 2
- break 1
- break 2

and observed the different results.  This made me come up with the following one-liner that describes the difference between break and continue:

continue resumes execution just before the closing curly bracket ( } ), and break resumes execution just after the closing curly bracket.

Corollary: since a switch is not (really) a looping structure, resuming execution just before a switch's closing curly bracket has the same effect as using a break statement.  In the case of (for, while, do-while) loops, resuming execution just prior their closing curly brackets means that a new iteration is started --which is of course very unlike the behavior of a break statement.

In the one-liner above I ignored the existence of parameters to break/continue, but the one-liner is also valid when parameters are supplied.

down

Nikolay Ermolenko ¶

15 years ago

Using continue and break:



<?php

$stack = array('first', 'second', 'third', 'fourth', 'fifth');



foreach($stack AS $v){

    if($v == 'second')continue;

    if($v == 'fourth')break;

    echo $v.'<br>';

}

/*



first

third



*/



$stack2 = array('one'=>'first', 'two'=>'second', 'three'=>'third', 'four'=>'fourth', 'five'=>'fifth');

foreach($stack2 AS $k=>$v){

    if($v == 'second')continue;

    if($k == 'three')continue;

    if($v == 'fifth')break;

    echo $k.' ::: '.$v.'<br>';

}

/*



one ::: first

four ::: fourth



*/



?>

down

Koen ¶

11 years ago

If you use a incrementing value in your loop, be sure to increment it before calling continue; or you might get an infinite loop.

down

rjsteinert.com ¶

13 years ago

The most basic example that print "13", skipping over 2.

<?php
$arr = array(1, 2, 3);
foreach($arr as $number) {
  if($number == 2) {
    continue;
  }
  print $number;
}
?>

down

www.derosetechnologies.com ¶

20 years ago

In the same way that one can append a number to the end of a break statement to indicate the "loop" level upon which one wishes to 'break' , one can append a number to the end of a 'continue' statement to acheive the same goal. Here's a quick example:

<?
    for ($i = 0;$i<3;$i++) {
        echo "Start Of I loop\n";
        for ($j=0;;$j++) {
            
            if ($j >= 2) continue 2; // This "continue" applies to the "$i" loop 
            echo "I : $i J : $j"."\n";
        }
        echo "End\n";
    }
?>

The output here is:
Start Of I loop
I : 0 J : 0
I : 0 J : 1
Start Of I loop
I : 1 J : 0
I : 1 J : 1
Start Of I loop
I : 2 J : 0
I : 2 J : 1

For more information, see the php manual's entry for the 'break' statement.

down

tufan dot oezduman at gmail dot com ¶

17 years ago

a possible explanation for the behavior of continue in included scripts mentioned by greg and dedlfix above may be the following line of the "return" documentation: "If the current script file was include()ed or require()ed, then control is passed back to the calling file." 
The example of greg produces an error since page2.php does not contain any loop-operations. 

So the only way to give the control back to the loop-operation  in page1.php would be a return.

down

Geekman ¶

16 years ago

For clarification, here are some examples of continue used in a while/do-while loop, showing that it has no effect on the conditional evaluation element.

<?php
// Outputs "1 ".
$i = 0;
while ($i == 0) {
    $i++;
    echo "$i ";
    if ($i == 1) continue;
}

// Outputs "1 2 ".
$i = 0;
do {
    $i++;
    echo "$i ";
    if ($i == 2) continue;
} while ($i == 1);
?>

Both code snippets would behave exactly the same without continue.

＋add a note