Because no examples are provided, and to alleviate any confusion as a result, the setAttribute() method is invoked like so:setAttribute(ATTRIBUTE, OPTION);So, if I wanted to ensure that the column names returned from a query were returned in the case the database driver returned them (rather than having them returned in all upper case [as is the default on some of the PDO extensions]), I would do the following:<?php$dbConnection = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass);$dbConnection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_CASE, PDO::CASE_NATURAL);?>Hope this helps some of you who learn by example (as is the case with me)..Colin