urlencode

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

urlencode — 编码 URL 字符串

说明

urlencode(string $string): string

此函数便于将字符串编码并将其用于 URL 的请求部分，同时它还便于将变量传递给下一页。

参数

string: 要编码的字符串。

返回值

返回字符串，此字符串中除了 -_. 之外的所有非字母数字字符都将被替换成百分号（%）后跟两位十六进制数，空格则编码为加号（+）。此编码与 WWW 表单 POST 数据的编码方式是一样的，同时与 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 的媒体类型编码方式一样。由于历史原因，此编码在将空格编码为加号（+）方面与 » RFC3986 编码（参见 rawurlencode()）不同。

示例

示例 #1 urlencode() 例子

<?php
$userinput = 'Data123!@-_ +';
echo "UserInput: $userinput\n";
echo '<a href="mycgi?foo=', urlencode($userinput), '">';
?>

以上示例会输出：

UserInput: Data123!@-_ +
<a href="mycgi?foo=Data123%21%40-_+%2B">

示例 #2 urlencode() 与 htmlentities() 例子

<?php
$foo = 'Data123!@-_ +';
$bar = "Not the same content as $foo";
echo "foo: $foo\n";
echo "bar: $bar\n";
$query_string = 'foo=' . urlencode($foo) . '&bar=' . urlencode($bar);
echo '<a href="mycgi?' . htmlentities($query_string) . '">';
?>

以上示例会输出：

foo: Data123!@-_ +
bar: Not the same content as Data123!@-_ +
<a href="mycgi?foo=Data123%21%40-_+%2B&amp;bar=Not+the+same+content+as+Data123%21%40-_+%2B">

注释

注意:
注意：小心与 HTML 实体相匹配的变量。像 &amp、&copy 和 &pound 都将被浏览器解析，并使用实际实体替代所期待的变量名。这是明显的混乱，W3C 已经告诫人们好几年了。参考地址：» http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/appendix/notes.html#h-B.2.2。

PHP 通过 arg_separator.ini 指令，支持将参数分割符变成 W3C 所建议的分号。不幸的是大多数用户代理并不发送分号分隔符格式的表单数据。较为简单的解决办法是使用 & 代替 & 作为分隔符。你不需要为此修改 PHP 的 arg_separator。让它仍为 &，而仅使用 htmlentities() 或 htmlspecialchars() 对你的 URL 进行编码。

参见

urldecode() - 解码已编码的 URL 字符串
htmlentities() - 将字符转换为 HTML 转义字符
rawurlencode() - 按照 RFC 3986 对 URL 进行编码
rawurldecode() - 对已编码的 URL 字符串进行解码
» RFC 3986

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＋添加备注

用户贡献的备注 18 notes

down

davis dot peixoto at gmail dot com ¶

14 years ago

urlencode function and rawurlencode are mostly based on RFC 1738.

However, since 2005 the current RFC in use for URIs standard is RFC 3986.

Here is a function to encode URLs according to RFC 3986.

<?php
function myUrlEncode($string) {
    $entities = array('%21', '%2A', '%27', '%28', '%29', '%3B', '%3A', '%40', '%26', '%3D', '%2B', '%24', '%2C', '%2F', '%3F', '%25', '%23', '%5B', '%5D');
    $replacements = array('!', '*', "'", "(", ")", ";", ":", "@", "&", "=", "+", "$", ",", "/", "?", "%", "#", "[", "]");
    return str_replace($entities, $replacements, urlencode($string));
}
?>

down

materialsmoke at gmail dot com ¶

1 year ago

this function will encode the URL while preserving the functionality of URL so you can copy and paste it in the browser
```
function urlEncode($url) {
    $parsedUrl = parse_url($url);
    
    $encodedScheme = urlencode($parsedUrl['scheme']);
    $encodedHost = urlencode($parsedUrl['host']);
    
    $encodedPath = implode('/', array_map('urlencode', explode('/', $parsedUrl['path'])));
    if (isset($parsedUrl['query'])) {
        $encodedQuery = '?' . urlencode($parsedUrl['query']);
    } else {
        $encodedQuery = '';
    }
    
    return "{$encodedScheme}://{$encodedHost}{$encodedPath}{$encodedQuery}";
}
```

down

temu92 at gmail dot com ¶

15 years ago

I needed encoding and decoding for UTF8 urls, I came up with these very simple fuctions. Hope this helps!

<?php
    function url_encode($string){
        return urlencode(utf8_encode($string));
    }
    
    function url_decode($string){
        return utf8_decode(urldecode($string));
    }
?>

down

daniel+php at danielnorton dot com ¶

15 years ago

Don't use urlencode() or urldecode() if the text includes an email address, as it destroys the "+" character, a perfectly valid email address character.

Unless you're certain that you won't be encoding email addresses AND you need the readability provided by the non-standard "+" usage, instead always use use rawurlencode() or rawurldecode().

down

omid at omidsakhi dot com ¶

14 years ago

I needed a function in PHP to do the same job as the complete escape function in Javascript. It took me some time not to find it. But findaly I decided to write my own code. So just to save time:



<?php

function fullescape($in)

{

  $out = '';

  for ($i=0;$i<strlen($in);$i++)

  {

    $hex = dechex(ord($in[$i]));

    if ($hex=='') 

       $out = $out.urlencode($in[$i]);

    else 

       $out = $out .'%'.((strlen($hex)==1) ? ('0'.strtoupper($hex)):(strtoupper($hex)));

  }

  $out = str_replace('+','%20',$out);

  $out = str_replace('_','%5F',$out);

  $out = str_replace('.','%2E',$out);

  $out = str_replace('-','%2D',$out);

  return $out;

 }

?>



It can be fully decoded using the unscape function in Javascript.

down

ahrensberg at gmail dot com ¶

17 years ago

Like "Benjamin dot Bruno at web dot de" earlier has writen, you can have problems with encode strings with special characters to flash. Benjamin write that:

<?php
   function flash_encode ($input)
   {
      return rawurlencode(utf8_encode($input));
   }
?>

... could do the problem. Unfortunately flash still have problems with read some quotations, but with this one:

<?php
   function flash_encode($string)
   {
      $string = rawurlencode(utf8_encode($string));

      $string = str_replace("%C2%96", "-", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%91", "%27", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%92", "%27", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%82", "%27", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%93", "%22", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%94", "%22", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%84", "%22", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%8B", "%C2%AB", $string);
      $string = str_replace("%C2%9B", "%C2%BB", $string);

      return $string;
   }
?>

... should solve this problem.

down

izhankhalib at gmail dot com ¶

11 years ago

Below is our jsonform source code in  mongo db which consists a lot of double quotes. we are able to pass this source code to the ajax form submit function by using php urlencode :

<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
      // Generate a form using jquery.dfrom
        $("#myform").dform({
                       
        "html":[
            {
                "type":"p",
                "html":"Patient Record"
            },
            {
                "name":"patient.name.first",
                "id":"txt-patient.name.first",
                "caption":"first name",
                "type":"text",
            },
            {
                
                "name":"patient.name.last",
                "id":"txt-patient.name.last",
                "caption":"last name",
                "type":"text",
            },
            {
               "type" : "submit",
              }
            
        ]
    });
    });
</script>
<form id="myform">

<?php
//get the json source code from the mongodb
$jsonform= urlencode($this->data['Post']['jsonform']);

?>
//AJAX SUBMIT FORM
<script type="text/javascript">
$('#myform').submit(function(){
  
                
    //    passing the variable fro PHP to javascript    
        var thejsonform="<?php echo $jsonform ?>";

  //var fname = $('input#fname').val();
  var dataString = "jsonform=" + thejsonform ; 

    $.ajax({
          type: "POST",
        //  url: "test1.php",
          data: dataString,
          success: function() {
           
          }
         }); 
  

return false;
});

down

-1

youhanasobhy15 at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago

Keep in mind that, if you prepare URL for a connection and used the urlencode on some parameters and didn't use it on the rest of parameters, it will not be decoded automatically at the destination position if the not encoded parameters have special characters that urlencode encodes it.

example :

$xml = simplexml_load_file("http://www.testing.com?me=test&first=".urlencode('dummy string')."&second=here is the string");

here is the second parameter has spaces which urlencode converts it to (+).

after using this URL, the server will discover that the second parameter has not been encoded , then the server will not decode it automatically.

this took more than 2 hours to be discovered and hope to save your time.

down

-1

root at jusme dot org ¶

16 years ago

I'm running PHP version 5.0.5 and urlencode() doesn't seem to encode the "#" character, although the function's description says it encodes "all non-alphanumeric" characters. This was a particular problem for me when trying to open local files with a "#" in the filename as Firefox will interpret this as an anchor target (for better or worse). It seems a manual str_replace is required unless this was fixed in a future PHP version.

Example:

$str = str_replace("#", "%23", $str);

down

-3

david winiecki gmail ¶

9 years ago

Since PHP 5.3.0, urlencode and rawurlencode also differ in that rawurlencode does not encode ~ (tilde), while urlencode does.

down

-3

kL ¶

18 years ago

Apache's mod_rewrite and mod_proxy are unable to handle urlencoded URLs properly - http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=34602

If you need to use any of these modules and handle paths that contain %2F or %3A (and few other encoded special url characters), you'll have use a different encoding scheme.

My solution is to replace "%" with "'".
<?php
function urlencode($u)
{
    return str_replace(array("'",'%'),array('%27',"'"),urlencode($u));
}

function urldecode($u)
{
    return urldecode(strtr($u,"'",'%'));
}
?>

down

-4

neugey at cox dot net ¶

20 years ago

Be careful when encoding strings that came from simplexml in PHP 5.  If you try to urlencode a simplexml object, the script tanks.

I got around the problem by using a cast.

$newValue = urlencode( (string) $oldValue );

down

-5

frx dot apps at gmail dot com ¶

14 years ago

I wrote this simple function that creates a GET query (for URLS) from an array:

<?php
function encode_array($args)
{
  if(!is_array($args)) return false;
  $c = 0;
  $out = '';
  foreach($args as $name => $value)
  {
    if($c++ != 0) $out .= '&';
    $out .= urlencode("$name").'=';
    if(is_array($value))
    {
      $out .= urlencode(serialize($value));
    }else{
      $out .= urlencode("$value");
    }
  }
  return $out . "\n";
}
?>

If there are arrays within the $args array, they will be serialized before being urlencoded.

Some examples:
<?php
echo encode_array(array('foo' => 'bar'));                    // foo=bar
echo encode_array(array('foo&bar' => 'some=weird/value'));   // foo%26bar=some%3Dweird%2Fvalue
echo encode_array(array('foo' => 1, 'bar' =>  'two'));       // foo=1&bar=two
echo encode_array(array('args' => array('key' => 'value'))); // args=a%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A3%3A%22key%22%3Bs%3A5%3A%22value%22%3B%7D
?>

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-5

R Mortimer ¶

19 years ago

Do not let the browser auto encode an invalid URL. Not all browsers perform the same encodeing. Keep it cross browser do it server side.

down

-4

admin at server dot net ¶

5 years ago

urlencode corresponds to the definition for application/x-www-form-urlencoded in RFC 1866 (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1866#section-8.2.1), and not for url encoded parts in URI. Use only rawurlencode for encode raw URI parts (e.g. query/search part)!

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-4

in reply to "kL" ¶

17 years ago

kL's example is very bugged since it loops itself and the encode function is two-way.

Why do you replace all %27 through '  in the same string in that you replace all ' through %27?

Lets say I have a string: Hello %27World%27. It's a nice day.
I get: Hello Hello 'World'. It%27s a nice day.

With other words that solution is pretty useless.

Solution:
Just replace ' through %27 when encoding
Just replace %27 through ' when decoding. Or just use url_decode.

down

-4

no_gravity ¶

4 years ago

I think the description does not exactly match what the function does:

    Returns a string in which all non-alphanumeric characters
    except -_. have been replaced with a percent (%) sign followed
    by two hex digits and spaces encoded as plus (+) signs.

urlencode('ö') gives me '%C3%B6'. So more then just a percent sign followed by two hex digits.

down

-4

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3 years ago

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