note there is a behaviour change in php 8You used to be able to say:$p1 = trim($_POST['p1']);This will now throw deprecated warnings if parameter p1 is not set. It is better to say:$p1 = trim($_POST['p1']??'');or $p1 = isset($_POST['p1']) ? trim($_POST['p1']) : null;or$p1 = isset($_POST['p1']) ? trim($_POST['p1']) : '';