(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
strcasecmp — Vergleich von Zeichenketten ohne Unterscheidung der Groß- und Kleinschreibung (binärsicher)
Groß- und kleinschreibungsunabhängiger Vergleich zweier Zeichenketten, der binärsicher ausgeführt wird. Der Vergleich ist nicht abhängig von der Locale-Einstellung; nur ASCII-Buchstaben werden auf diese Weise verglichen.
string1Die erste Zeichenkette.
string2Die zweite Zeichenkette.
Gibt -1 zurück, wenn string1 in
der Reihenfolge der Sortierung vor string2 kommt,
1, wenn string1 nach
string2 kommt, und 0, wenn sie
gleich sind.
| Version | Beschreibung |
|---|---|
| 8.2.0 |
Diese Funktion gibt nun -1 oder 1
zurück, wo sie vorher eine negative oder positive Zahl zurückgab.
|
Beispiel #1 strcasecmp()-Beispiel
<?php
$var1 = "Hallo";
$var2 = "hallo";
if (strcasecmp($var1, $var2) == 0) {
echo '$var1 ist gleich $var2 bei einem String-Vergleich'
. ' ohne Berücksichtigung von Groß- und Kleinschreibung';
}
?>
A simple multibyte-safe case-insensitive string comparison:
<?php
function mb_strcasecmp($str1, $str2, $encoding = null) {
if (null === $encoding) { $encoding = mb_internal_encoding(); }
return strcmp(mb_strtoupper($str1, $encoding), mb_strtoupper($str2, $encoding));
}
?>
Caveat: watch out for edge cases like "ß".The sample above is only true on some platforms that only use a simple 'C' locale, where individual bytes are considered as complete characters that are converted to lowercase before being differentiated.
Other locales (see LC_COLLATE and LC_ALL) use the difference of collation order of characters, where characters may be groups of bytes taken from the input strings, or simply return -1, 0, or 1 as the collation order is not simply defined by comparing individual characters but by more complex rules.
Don't base your code on a specific non null value returned by strcmp() or strcasecmp(): it is not portable. Just consider the sign of the result and be sure to use the correct locale!Don't forget this is a single-byte function: in Unicode strings it'll provide incoherent results as soon as both strings differ only in case. There doesn't seem to exist a built-in multi-byte alternative so you need to write your own, taking into account both character encoding and collation.I didn't see any explanation in the documentation as to precisely how the positive/negative return values are calculated for unequal strings.
After a bit of experimentation it appears that it's the difference in alphabetical position of the first character in unequal strings.
For example, the letter 'z' is the 26th letter while the letter 'a' is the 1st letter:
<?php
$zappl = "zappl";
$apple = "apple";
echo strcasecmp($zappl, $apple); #outputs 25 [26 - 1]
echo strcasecmp($apple, $zappl); #outputs -25 [1 - 26]
?>
This might be incredibly obvious to most people, but hopefully it will clarify the calculation process for some others.